Basic Technology Lesson Note JSS 2 Third Term
Basic Technology Scheme of Work for JSS2 Third Term
Week 1
Topic: ENERGY-BASED TECHNOLOGICAL APPLIANCES
Week 2
Topic: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF AC MOTOR MACHINES
Week 3
Topic: PRINCIPLES OF EVAPORATION LEADING TO COOLING BY REFRIGERANTS
Week 4
Topic: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF BICYCLES, GENERATORS, DYNAMOS
Week 5
Topic: TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY
Week 6
Topic: TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY
Week 7
Topic: BUILDING SITE PREPARATION
Week 8
Topic: SETTING OUT
Week 9
Topic: MAINTENANCE OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES
WEEk 10
Topic: MAINTENANCE OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES
Basic Technology JSS2 Third Term
Below are the 2022 complete basic technology lesson notes for jss 2 third term
Week 1
Topic: ENERGY-BASED TECHNOLOGICAL APPLIANCES
CONTENT:
- Electrical energy to heat energy
- Chemical energy to heat energy
- Electrical energy to mechanical
- Mechanical energy to Electrical energy
Introduction
We shall discuss the following:
1. Operation of a pressing iron, Operation of an electric kettle, operation of cookers, water heaters, gas lamp, gas cooker, kerosene cooker and charcoal pressing iron
2. Principles of evaporation leading to cooling by refrigeration
3. Operation of a compressor as responsible for the circulation of refrigerants
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Week 2
Topic: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF AC MOTOR MACHINES
CONTENT:
- Electric fan, Shaver, Washing machine, loudspeaker, Blender, etc
(a) The Electric Fan
The electric fan is basically an induction motor of the squirrel–cage rotor type in most cases. The shaft of the motor at the fan blade end is provided with a flat side onto which the fan blade is tightly fitted to and secured with a screw or a left-hand thread cap to prevent the fan blade form becoming loose and sliding off during motion.
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Week 3
Topic: PRINCIPLES OF EVAPORATION LEADING TO COOLING BY REFRIGERANTS
Compressor: The refrigerant is a low-pressure gas at the evaporator section while it is expected to be a high-pressure gas at the condenser side. Therefore, in order to circulate the refrigerant throughout the system, we must provide the means to raise the pressure of the refrigerant from low evaporator pressure to high condenser pressure. This can be achieved by simply using a device called a compressor. The compressor takes the gas at the suction pressure (evaporator pressure) and increases it to the discharge pressure (condenser pressure). In addition to increasing the pressure of the refrigerant gas, the compressor circulates the refrigerant through the system.
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Week 4
Topic: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF BICYCLES, GENERATORS, DYNAMOS
The bicycle electrical power supply is in a few different methods but this section will treat the method where a dynamo is used. A dynamo is a generator but supplies direct current (D.C.) only. The other generator is referred to as an “alternator” because its output is collected via slip rings instead of split rings or commutators.
Operation: The dynamo is hinged for huge movement but with a firm bracket. When in use, it is pushed against the cycle tyre on its nulled rubber cap which is free to rotate at the pedalling speed of the rider.
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Week 5
Topic: TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY
INTRODUCTION
Electrical power is said to be transmitted when it is conveyed from it source of generation to distances far way or near the sending end.
The positions or destinations at which the power is received is referred to as “The receiving end”. The equipment, required for the transmission is referred to as transmission equipment such as generators (alternators), synchronizing/control panel, circuit breakers, substations, transformers, insulators, power lines, uprisers, etc.
Electricity can be generated at low frequencies by using hydropower as in Kainji Dam, burning gas as in Afam Power station and Egbin Power station, and burning charcoal as in Oji River power station. In each of these big power stations, electricity is generated for the use of people located at, and away from the source of generation. For example, the electric power generated at the Kainji is used by people in Kainji as well as people in Lagos, a distance of 560km from Kainji. This is one of the major advantages of electricity. It can be generated at a point and can be made available in place far from the point of generation. This is made possible by providing transmission lines to transmit electricity to sub-stations, from where it can be distributed to different consumers.
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Basic Technology JSS2 Third Term
Week 6
Topic: TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY
INTRODUCTION
When electricity is supplied to various consumers, e.g. domestic and industrial premises, it is said to be distributed. All distribution in Nigeria are carried out with Alternating Current (AC) system. The following (AC) supply systems are available by the Power Holding Corporation of Nigeria.
(i) Single phase 2-wire
(ii) Single phase 3-wire
(iii) Three-phase 3-wire
(iv) Three phase 4-wire
The three-phase 4-wire is the most widely used for the basic reason that the other systems can be easily obtained from it.
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Week 7
Topic: BUILDING SITE PREPARATION
Hand tools
Among typical hand tools used in the site preparation operations are:
This is used for digging usually relatively loose or soft earth.
This is a portable diesel or petrol-operated motorized chain saw used in felling trees and for cutting the tree trunk into smaller lengths.
iv. Matchet
This tool is used for cutting grasses, tree branches and shrubs.
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Week 8
Topic: SETTING OUT
Setting Out
For us to understand and appreciate what setting out an operation is all about, let us first discuss the preliminary roles of some professionals in the job.
(A) Preliminary Site Operations
Anybody wishing to construct a building usually first consults an architect to discuss the need for a building and the type of building wanted. The architect will find out from his client, the land area available for the project and the nature of the ground, his preference for single-storey buildings to two-or three-storey buildings, and perhaps how much he intends to spend on the building. After obtaining all the necessary information and data, the architects plan and design a building that satisfies the wishes and needs of the client.
This architectural damage is then sent to a structural engineer. The structural engineer works within the civil engineering field as a specialist. He determines and specifies the strength and types of building materials to be used in different parts of the building structure. The structural engineer studies the building design sent to him and recommends the sizes of steel bar and positions and methods of placement in the different parts of the building to reinforce the concrete. He also specifies the ratio of mix of the concrete required for the building for maximum strength.
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Week 9
Topic: MAINTENANCE OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES
Simple Maintenance Methods
The major concern of this unit is to discuss the maintenance of common domestic appliances. The methods used include cleaning, dusting, washing, oiling and replacement of damaged parts. The electronic appliances used are to be handled with care because they are fragile and costly. Users should be familiar with the contents of the manufacturer’s manual concerning the handling and maintenance of such appliances. Examples are radio, television, refrigerator, fan, etc.
Kitchen utensils also need to be maintained. They should be cleaned constantly and kept dry. Furniture items should be dusted while machines should be oiled regularly.
Maintenance of Furniture
A. Tables
A table is a piece of furniture with a flat top, which can be oval, rectangular, round or may take any other shape. The commonest shape is the rectangular shape. A table top can be made of plastic laminates, metal, Formica, finished wood or may even be padded.
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Basic Technology JSS2 Third Term
WEEk 10
Topic: MAINTENANCE OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES
A. Radio
A radio is an instrument used to receive messages without wire connections but through electromagnetic waves. The various types of radio sets in our homes are made to serve the same purpose, namely to receive information such as music for our entertainment news, both local and foreign; religious, political and social discussions.
Care of the Radio
a. Dust every day with a soft cloth.
b. Clean delicate parts gently.
c. If the radio is battery-operated, remove the battery cells whenever they become dead. Do not allow dead batteries to become rotten inside the radio.
d. Do not tamper with components or electrical parts. If there is any fault, take it to an experienced radio technician.
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A CD/DVD player is an instrument designed to play CDs, and DVDs and supply music for entertainment or for enjoyment.
