Acid – Base Titrations
During a titration, there is a change in pH as the acid is added to the alkali. This change in pH may be studied using a pH meter or by using an indicator (a universal indicator). The change in pH during the course of the titration depends on the strength of the acid and alkali used.
An acid–base titration is the determination of the concentration of an acid or base by exactly neutralizing the acid or base with an acid or base of known concentration. This allows for quantitative analysis of the concentration of an unknown acid orbase solution.
Titration is a technique to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. A solution of known concentration (titrant) is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution (titrand or analyte).
Typically, the titrant (the solution of known concentration) is added through a burette to a known volume of the analyte (the solution of unknown concentration) until the reaction is complete. Knowing the volume of titrant added allows us to determine the concentration of the unknown analyte. Often, an indicator is used to signal the end of the reaction, the endpoint. Titrant and analyte is a pair of acid and base. Acid-base titrations are monitored by the change of pH as titration progresses.
Let us be clear about some terminologies before we get into the discussion of titration curves.
-
Titrant: solution of a known concentration, which is added to another solution whose concentration has to be determined.
- Titrand or analyte: the solution whose concentration has to be determined.
-
Equivalence point: point in titration at which the amount of titrant added is just enough to completely neutralize the analyte solution. At the equivalence point in an acid-base titration, moles of base = moles of acid and the solution only contains salt and water…
Read more below-
