Topic: Trading, Profit and Loss Account
Content:
- Purpose of trading, profit and loss account
- Trading account
- Profit and Loss Account
- Rules for constructing profit and loss account
Purpose of trading, profit and loss account
The purpose of the profit and loss account is to:
- Show whether a business has made a PROFIT or LOSS over a financial year.
- Describe how the profit or loss arose – e.g. categorising costs between “cost of sales” and operating costs.
A profit and loss account starts with the TRADING ACCOUNT and then takes into account all the other expenses associated with the business.
Trading account
The trading account shows the income from sales and the direct costs of making those sales. It includes the balance of stocks at the start and end of the year.
An example of the trading account of a business would look this:
Trading account for XYZ Ltd for the year ended 31 March 20X5:
Note that the closing stock figure would appear in the balance sheet under Stock.
Profit and loss account
The trading account now has all the other expenses now deducted.
It would look like the table below:
Trading, profit and loss account for XYZ Ltd for the year ended 31 March 20X5
Notes on the items in the profit and loss account:
Sales: the amount of money generated by sales
Cost of sales: the cost of making the goods or buying them
Gross profit: sales less direct costs of sales
Read more below:
https://passnownow.com/lesson/trading-profit-and-loss-account11/
