Skeleton
The bones which support and protect the human body and its organs make up the skeletal system. A skeleton is an internal or external framework of bone, cartilage, or other rigid material supporting or containing the body of an animal or plant.
Parts of Mammalian Skeleton
There are 2 main parts of mammalian skeleton namely;
1. Axial: This is made up of vertebrate column, ribs, sternum and skull.
2. Appendicular: It contains pelvic and pectoral girdles form limbs and hind limbs, and their parts.
Parts of Vertebral Column
They are tabulated below:
|
Bone |
Region |
Number |
|
Cervical |
Neck |
7 |
|
Thoracic |
Chest |
12 |
|
Lumber |
Upper abdomen region |
5 |
Types of Skeleton
There are 3 types of skeleton namely;
· Endo Skeleton: It is the skeleton found inside the body of animals .i.e. human being and other animals
· Exo Skeleton: This is the skeleton found outside the body of some organisms. e.g. insects and worms.
· Hydro-static Skeleton: It is the skeleton find in soft bodied animals like the earthworm.
Functions of Skeleton
· It gives the body rigidity and support
· They protect delicate organs in the body
· They give the body definite shape
· They allow free movement of the body and limbs (locomotion).
Tests and Exercises
1. Earthworm exhibits which of the following types of skeleton? (a) Exo skeleton (b) Hydro static skeleton (c) Endo skeleton. Answer: Hydro static skeleton.
2. Where can caudal be found in the vertebral column? (a) tail (b) neck (c) Chest (d) upper region. Answer: Tail.
3. Pelvic and pectoral girdles can be found where? (a) Axial skeleton (b) Appendicular Skeleton(c) None of the above. Answer: Appendicular skeleton.
4. Lumber is located in which of the following region? (a) upper abdomen (b) Chest (c) neck(d) Lower abdomen. Answer: Upper abdomen.
5. An example of axial skeleton is (a) limbs (b) pelvic (c) Pectoral (d) Skull. Answer: Skull
For more on classwork notes, click here
