Human Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology
Human reproductive system refers to the organ that consists of the external and internal parts in both gametes, i.e. male and female reproductive system.
Anatomy refers to the form and structure of the body while physiology refers to the functions of the forms and parts of the body.
Reproduction is a process involving giving birth to new organisms either from a sexual reproduction of unicellular organism in amoeba or asexual reproduction in human being.
The Reproductive Organs
The reproductive organs include:
i. Scrotal sac
ii. Testis
iii. Epididymis
iv. Vas defers
v. Seminal vesicles
vi. Prostate gland
vii. Cow pears gland
viii. Urethra
Internal Part
i. Cervix, fallopian
ii. Ovaries
iii. Uterus
iv. Structure of an egg (organ)
The fusion of an egg cell of female and a sperm cell of a male result in pregnancy. The egg cells are related from the ovary (ovulation) and through one part of the fallopian tube to the uterus. The egg cell dies if not fertilized within 12-24 hours after ovulation. The egg cell breaks down and it’s shed with uterine lining as menstrual flow or menstruation.
Determination of the Sex of a Baby
The sex of a baby is determined by the sex chromosome. The egg cell carries the XX sex chromosome while the sperm cell carries XY sex chromosomes
A boy child is conceived by the mother, the chances of being a girl is ½ and a boy is also ½. In human being, the father determines the sex (male or female) of his child by the X or Y gamete he contributes for fertilization.
Tests and Exercises
1. Male reproductive organs include the following except (a) Penis (b) Vagina (c) Testis (d) scrotal sac. Answer: Vagina
2. …………… refers to the ability of living organisms to reproduce a young one for the continuality of life (a) Irritability (b) Nervous system (c) Reproduction (d) Responses. Answer: Reproduction
3. Uterus is also known as ………… (a) Labia minoria (b) Cowpea gland (c) Urethra (d) Vasdeferms. Answer: Urethra
4. XY represents in term of sex determination (a) A boy child (b) A girl child (c) Identical twins. Answer: A boy child
5. The gamete or sex cell containing the hygiene membrane of the homologous chromosome is called …………….. (a) Haploid
(b) Diploid (c) Chromosome (d) mutation. Answer: Chromosome
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