Geography, SS 3, Week 2
Topic: World Population (II) For previous lesson; see: https://passnownow.com/namaste-lesson/world-population/
Contents:
- Pattern of world population
- Problems of rapid growth population growth
- Advantages and Disadvantages of low and high densities
Pattern of world population distribution is distributed into three; Which are:
(a) The very densely populated parts of the world: The most densely populated areas of the world include
(i) Industrial North – West Europe: This includes countries like Great Britain, France, German, Denmark, Belgium. These areas are highly industrialized due to the presence of coal and iron
(ii) Industrial North – Eastern U.S.A: This is the great industrial belt of the United States and Canada stretching from the shore of the Great lakes though Pittsburgh to New York which is very rich in Coal and iron
(iii) Agricultural Monsoon Asia: This includes populous countries like China, India, Japan, Pakistan, Indonesia etc. This area of largest population concentration of the world, known for fertile soils, warm climate and abundant rainfall which promote agriculture.
(iv) The Nile Valley and Delta: This essentially Eygpt. It is an area within the sahara desert which through irrigation has converted a desert into an area of high agricultural activities and consequently high population
(b) The moderately populated parts of the world
(i) These include areas of cool temperate forest Europe, Canada and Asia.
(ii) The temperate and tropical glass land of Southern continents
(iii) Agricultural U.S.A
(iv) Mediterranean Europe
(v) Africa
(vi) Most part of South Asia
(c) The very sparsely populated pat of the world include:
(i) The cold polar lands of arctic and Antarica which are inhabited due to cold weather
(ii) The Canadian and Eurasian tundra and Greenland also due to cold weather
(iii) The hot deserts of the world like Kalahari, the Atacama, the Sahara etc. Due to the hot weather and dryness no rainfall
(iv) The dense tropical rain forest like the Amazon basin (South America), Congo (Zaire) basin (Central Africa). Both are uninhabited jungles
Problems of rapid population growth
1. High rate of infant mortality is certain in a growing population because of social pressure
2. High mobility will also result in a rapidly growing population
3. Rapid population growth is always accompanied by food shortages
4. The pressure on the low lean social services may led to low life expectancy
5. Malnutrition and diseases
6. Overpopulation always breeds vices such as armed robbery, prostitution etc
7. Inflation is bound to occur, in a situation of growing population
8. Over crowding: growing population always leads to overcrowding
Advantages of High Population Densities
1. High population provides large labour force for industries
2. High population is a source of large market for the goods produced by the industries
3. With large population concentration in an area, there i need for effectiveness planning so that the town can function properly
4. Many people are brought together and this can promote unity among the diverse people in the country
5. Manpower is exported to these regions to enable them earn foreign exchange
6. Organized army in such area is possible
Disadvantages of high population densities
1. Natural resources like fertile farmlands, become over exploited where there is high population growth
2. Areas of high population densities are usually associated with high crime rate like armed robbery, car snatcher, hired assassin etc. These may be due to lack of jobs; hence people resort in crimes
3. Areas of high population densities usually do not have enough jobs for the ever increasing influx of people. This leads to unemployment and underemployment
4. High population concentration leads to scarce or poor accommodation as the house available may not be enough for the high population
5. Many people travel on roads at the same time and ; this leads to traffic congestion most of the time
6. Poor housing, pressure on natural resources and social facilities do lead to environmental pollution
Advantages of low population densities
1. There will be abundance of resources in areas where there and resource endowment
2. The rate of armed robbery, car snatching etc is generally reduced
3. There is no traffic congestion in areas of low population
4. Goods and agriculture products are cheap and easily available due to low population
Disadvantages of low population densities
1. Pipe borne water, electricity etc are grossly under utilized
2. Defence maybe difficult in case of attack
3. As a result of few number of people, the level of revenue may be low
4. There may be inadequate market for manufactured goods
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