Home Economics JSS1
Week 6
Topic: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
Contents:
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Self Medication
A. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Venereal Diseases are illnesses spread from one person to another through sexual contact.
TYPES OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
1. Gonorrhea – Is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhea. Symptoms includes
- Itching and discharge from penis and vagina
- Painful urination
- Can cause Infertility
- If a pregnant woman has the disease, her child eyes will be affected at birth
2. Syphilis – This is caused by the bacterium treponema palladium. Symptoms and sign include
- Sores on the sex organs
- Fever, aches, rashes and hair loss.
- At latter stages, it affects the heart, eye and brain
- It can lead to insanity and death
B. (AIDS) ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the virus called human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
I. HOW HIV SPREADS
HIV is found in the blood and in thee sexual fluids (semen in men and viginal secretions in women). HIV is spread through
- Having sex with someone who already has HIV.
- Transfusion of infected blood
- Use of a needle, blade, clippers or sharp objects that have been used on person with HIV and not sterilized afterwards
- Mother to Child during Pregnancy or at Child Birth
II. SIGNS OF HIV/AIDS
- People with HIV/AIDS suffer from different and opportunistic sicknesses like fever, rash and diarrhea
- They lose weight
- Death is the final result
III. WAYS HIV INFECTION CAN BE PREVENTED
- Abstinence: Do not have sex until you get married. When you are married you stay faithful to your partner
- Women with HIV should seek advice before getting pregnant
- Avoid blood transfusion as much as possible
- Do not share razor blades
- Cover cuts and wounds with waterproof plaster
IV. WHAT HIV DOES TO THE BODY
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) damages the body’s immune system, which interferes with its ability to fight off disease-causing agents. The virus kills CD4 cells, which are white blood cells that help fight off various infections. HIV is carried in body fluids, and is spread by sexual activity. It can also be spread by contact with infected blood, breast feeding, childbirth, and from mother to child during pregnancy. When HIV is at its most advanced stage, an individual is said to have AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). There are different stages of the progression of HIV infection. The stages include primary infection, asymptomatic infection, symptomatic infection, and AIDS. In the primary infection stage, an individual will have flu like symptoms (headache, fatigue, fever, muscle aches) for about 2 weeks. In the asymptomatic stage, symptoms usually disappear, and the patient can remain asymptomatic for years. When HIV progresses to the symptomatic stage, the immune system is weakened, and has a low cell count of CD4+ T Cells. When the HIV infection becomes life-threatening, it is called AIDS. People with AIDS fall prey to opportunistic infections and die as a result.
V. GUIDELINES FOR CARING FOR PEOPLE WITH HIV
- Provide a home where there is peace, rest, love and acceptance
- Help them with household work so that they can have time to rest
- Make them eat nutritious food
- Share their financial burden.
- Wash their clothes and sheets
- Pay their regular visit
C. SELF-MEDICATION
Self medication is the process where a person prescribes a drug for self or gets someone else other than a qualified professional to so when she/he is sick.
- A person’s self diagnosis of illness might be wrong so you may buy the wrong drug for an illness
- You might choose the wrong drug even if you are sure of the disease
- You may take the wrong dosage of drug even when the drug is suitable of the illness
- There maybe serious side effect of you given
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