Physical Health Education Scheme of Work for JSS1 First Term
SCHEME OF WORK
WEEK 1: MEANING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
WEEK 2: PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BODY CONDITIONING PROGRAMMES
WEEK 3: CHARACTERISTICS OF A PHYSICALLY FIT PERSON
WEEK 4: EXERCISE TO DEVELOP STRENGTH, ENDURANCE AND FLEXIBILITY
WEEK 5 : SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN PERFORMING AN EXERCISE
WEEK 6: PERSONAL, SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
WEEK 7: MEANING OF SEWAGE AND REFUSE
WEEK 8: SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY
WEEK 9: REVISION
WEEK 10: EXAMINATION
Below are the 2022 complete JSS1 Physical Health Education First Term Lesson Note
Lesson Note on Physical and Health Education JSS1 First term
Week 1
Topic: Meaning of Physical Education
Introduction
Physical education involves the overall well-being of an individual; physical, emotional, mental and Physical education has to do with man and health generally. Apart from these, physical education through well planned and programmed exercises, helps to remove the stress and strain of modern-day living.
Purpose of Physical Education
The aim of physical Health Education is to avail individuals the opportunity to learn the activities that will lead to positive physical, social, mental and emotional growth. Below are some laid out purpose of physical and health education:
- Physical development: Physical education helps to develop the muscles of the body through selected, well-planned and programmed physical activities that can make the child develop the muscles of the arms, legs, shoulder, and abdomen. This will lead to physical fitness.
- Skills: Physical education help to develop skills, such as running, jumping, riding etc.
- Emotional stability: Physical education aids emotional stability, which will, therefore, lead to sound mental health and a balanced mind. To learn more, click here
Week 2
Topic: PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BODY CONDITIONING PROGRAMMES
Meaning of Physical Fitness:
Physical fitness is the ability of an individual to perform his daily work well without feeling too tired and still have reserved energy. Physical fitness is also a state of health and well-being, and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous exercise and sufficient rest.
Components of Physical fitness:
The attempt to define the term physical fitness has led to the identification of the components that make up physical fitness. This accounts for the reason why experts have attempted to group the components into two i.e.
- The health-related components
- Skill or performance-related components
The health-related components are directly and affect the health of an individual. They are essential for survival regardless of the persons –sex, -age, -religion or –occupation. These include;
- Muscular strength
– Muscular endurance
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Week 3
Topic: CHARACTERISTICS OF A PHYSICALLY FIT PERSON
Flexibility
One characteristic of a physically fit person is flexibility, the ability to move the joints through a full range of motion without pain. Flexibility is joint specific, as each joint in the body possesses a separate range of motion. Stretching the joints and muscles daily can help enhance your flexibility and range of motion. The benefits of achieving adequate flexibility include decreased risk of injury, less stiffness, increased agility and enhanced coordination.
Cardiovascular Endurance
One good quality of physical fitness includes cardiovascular endurance. Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the respiratory and circulatory systems to provide oxygen to the body during sustained exercise. Achieve cardiovascular fitness by engaging in 30 to 60 minutes of continuous aerobic activity five to seven days per week. The advantages of attaining cardiovascular fitness include a decreased risk of heart disease, a strong heart, decreased levels of bad cholesterol and increased levels of good cholesterol.
Muscular Strength and Endurance
Muscular strength and endurance are two separate concepts of physical fitness that incorporate the use of the muscles. Muscular strength is the amount of force applied against resistance, Colorado University reports. For example, you use muscular strength when lifting a box or bench pressing weights. Muscular endurance is the ability to continuously use your muscular strength without fatigue. For example, a person with good muscular endurance could perform consecutive pushups or repetitive squats without fatigue. The benefits of having good muscular strength and endurance include improved athletic performance, less risk of injury, enhanced balance and decreased stiffness.
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Week 4
Topic: Exercise to Develop Strength, Endurance and Flexibility
Physical exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness.
Reasons for Exercise
- It helps in strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular system, honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, and merely enjoyment.
- Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system and helps prevent the “diseases of affluence” such as heart disease, cardiovascular disease, TypeIt may also help prevent depression.
- It helps to promote or maintain positive self-esteem.
- It improves mental health generally and can augment an individual’s sex appeal or body image, which has been found to be linked with higher levels of self-esteem
- It helps to reduce childhood obesity as it is a growing global concern.
- Physical exercise may help decrease some of the effects of childhood and adult obesity. Health care providers often call exercise the “miracle” or “wonder” drug—alluding to the wide variety of proven benefits that it can provide.
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Week 5
Topic: SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN PERFORMING AN EXERCISE
We always need to take a safety precaution when taking an exercise, meaning that we have to be careful of what we do and wear when we want to take exercise, in order to avoid injuries or very serious health hazards. Here are ten safety precautions we ought to take when taking an exercise:
- Take five to 10 minutes to warm up and cool down properly.
- Plan to start slowly and boost your activity level gradually unless you are already exercising frequently and vigorously.
- Be aware that training too hard or too often can cause overuse injuries like stress fractures, stiff or sore joints and muscles, and inflamed tendons and ligaments. Sports prompting repetitive wear and tear on certain parts of your body — such as swimming (shoulders), jogging (knees, ankles, and feet), tennis (elbows) — are often overused culprits, too. A mix of different kinds of activities and sufficient rest is safer.
- Listen to your body. Hold off on exercise when you’re sick or feeling very fatigued. Cut back if you cannot finish an exercise session, feel faint after exercise or fatigued during the day, or suffer persistent aches and pains in joints after exercising.
- If you stop exercising for a while, drop back to a lower level of exercise initially. If you’re doing strength training, for example, lift lighter weights or do fewer reps or sets.
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Week 6
TOPIC: PERSONAL, SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
Determinants of Health
Health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of infirmity. There are however factors that determine the well-being of a person, which we refer to as the determinants of health. There are four major determinants of health including:
- Human biology
- Environment
- Lifestyle
- Health care services
Health care: Health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness, and the prevention of mental and physical well –being through the service offered by the medical, nursing and allied health professions.
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Week 7 – 9
Topic: MEANING OF SEWAGE AND REFUSE
Sewage
Sewage is human waste, water, and even rainwater which collects via a sewer and then gets transported through pipes underground to sewage plants. Sewage simply means liquid waste coming from domestic, industrial, and commercial effluents. Sewage is the mixture of a waste from the human body and used water that is carried out of houses by sewers. Sewage just simply refers to liquid and metabolic waste. Sewage is a type of waste water that is produced by a community of people. It is characterized by the volume or rate of flow, physical condition, chemical and toxic constituents, and its bacteriologic status (which organisms it contains and in what quantities). It consists mostly of grey water (from sinks, tubs, showers, dishwashers, and clothes washers), black water (the water used to flush toilets, combined with the human waste that it flushes away); soaps and detergents; and toilet paper (less so in regions where bidets are widely used instead of paper).
Refuse
Refuse can also be regarded as solid waste. Solid waste is unwanted, discarded non-liquid materials emanating from various activities of humans. Refuse includes garbage and rubbish. Garbage is mostly decomposable food waste; rubbish is mostly dry material such as glass, paper, cloth, or wood. Garbage burns easily and decomposes very fast.
Lifestyle: Lifestyle is the way a person lives. Lifestyle is a characteristic bundle of behaviour that makes sense to both others and one’s self in a given time and place, including social relationship, consumption entertainment and dress. The behaviour and practice within lifestyle are mixtures of habits, conventional ways of doing things, and reasoned actions. A lifestyle typically reflects an individual’s attitude and values.
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Week 10
Topic: Sources of Water Supply
There are basically two main sources of water supply available to man, which are;
- Surface water supply
- Groundwater supply
Surface water supply
Surface water is abundant and very easy to get. However, they can be easily polluted by human, transport, industrial, agricultural and domestic waste.
Sources of surface water supply
-Rainwater: Rainwater comes from rainfall, and is collected often from roofs, which are mostly stored in tanks, pots etc
-River water; when we talk about river water, we are talking about run-off water during rain and natural springs.
-Lakes, ponds and streams; The sources of this source of water are very low, and they mostly found in rural areas and villages. One of the disadvantages of this source of water is that it very prone to communicable diseases because of its crude source. To learn more, click here
Week 11 – Revision
Overview – We shall be examined all we have learned this term.
Week 12 – Examination
Overview – This week, we shall be examined all we have learned this term.