Foundation
The foundation in its widest sense can be said to be expanded base of a wall or a column in addition to the ground or sub-soil, which the building stands is the natural foundation, and the expanded base which is constructed with concrete or masonry materials like rocks, stone, or bricks is called the artificial foundation. However, when the word ‘foundation’ is used ordinarily, it means artificial foundation. In a swampy and waterlogged area, foundation also embraces the long concrete poles driven, or concrete cast into bored holes for purposes of carrying the structure above it.
Function of Foundation
The foundation, acting as a large flat-heeled shoe worn by the building, bears the total weight of the building and ensures that the weight is evenly distributed over the surface area of the foundation in such a manner that eliminate unequal settlement.
1. It receives and supports the loads (weight) of the building and transmits them to the solid part of the ground.
2. It ensures that the weight of the building is evenly distributed over the surface area of the foundation to avoid unequal settlement.
Types of Foundation
There are five major types of foundation:
1. Strip foundation
2. Raft foundation
3. Pad foundation
4. Pile foundation
5. Stepped foundation
1. Strip foundation: This is a continuous strip of concrete under walls. It carries a uniformly distributed load. It is the most common in Nigeria…
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